HomeMy WebLinkAbout8A - Issues with Adult Uses
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INTRODUCTION:
DISCUSSION
STAFF AGENDA REPORT
SA J-
DONALD RYE
REGULATION OF ADULT USES
AUGUST 7,1995
Council requested staff to investigate the possibility of regulating adult
uses following a newspaper article which indicated that an adult bookstore
had considered locating in Prior Lake.
Adult uses, also known as sexually oriented businesses, have generated
considerable discussion in recent years, particularly since the publication
of a report by the Attorney Generals office in 1989 entitled Report of the
Attorney General's Working Group on the Regulation of Sexually
Oriented Businesses. This report discussed the impacts of adult uses in
several cities ( including Minneapolis and St. Paul), described the frequent
connections between adult uses and organized crime,discussed various
legal remedies a community might pursue and paid particular attention to
licensing and zoning as means of regulating such uses. ,
The report concluded that there are many actions which a community may
take legally to protect its citizens from the adverse secondary effects of
adult uses.lt is well established that a city cannot simply prohibit adult
uses. Such uses have certain rights under the First Amendment and case
law to date has established that a city may only regulate the time, place
and manner of doing business by adult uses.
Methods of Regulation
The two principal regulatory tools a city has are zoning and licensing.
Some city's use one method and some the other while other city's use
both. The Attorney General's report recommended that both methods be
used.
Zoning regulations determine where the businesses may be located and
usually include distance separation requirements from such uses as
churches, schools, housing, day care facilities, liquor sales and other adult
uses. The ordinances also deal with signage and display of products to the
public.
Most communities restrict adult uses to certain commercial or industrial
districts and attempt to keep them within as small an area as possible. It is
16200 Eagle Creek Ave., Prior Lake, Minnesota 55372-1714 / Ph. (612) 447-4230 / Fax (612) 447-4245
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important that enough land be available for adult uses because, in several
cases, city's have lost court challenges because their ordinances were too
restrictive.
The problem in Prior Lake is the relatively small amount of commercially or
industrially zoned land.lf spacing requirements are applied to the
commercial districts, virtually no land is available for such uses, and as
noted above, a reasonable amount of land must be made available. Courts
have upheld ordinances which allowed for as little as 1.2%) of a city's land
area to be available for adult uses. In Prior Lakes case, this would amount
to approximately 120 acres. It should be noted that every community is
different and what was found to be acceptable in one case may not be in
another.
There are three basic approaches the City may take in treating adult uses
in the zoning ordinance:
1. Allow adult uses in the B-2 and B-3 zoning districts. The difficulty with
this approach is the small size of these zoning districts and the likely
inability to establish effective spacing requirements. For this reason,
adult uses would be treated much like any other use permitted in these
districts.
2. Allow adult uses only in the A-1 Agricultural District. At first glance, this
seems like an odd idea but in this district, non-residential uses have a
40 acre minimum lot size and this would clearly remove such uses from
proximity to residential neighborhoods and would arguably minimize
the potential adverse impacts of such uses.
3. Enter into a joint powers agreement with Savage and/or Shakopee to
regulate adult uses under a common ordinance. This would have the
likely advantage of offering sufficient land for adult uses so as to avoid
a challenge on the basis of insufficient land availability.
Licensing
The purpose of licensing is to provide for monitoring and accountability
related to the ownership and operation of the business. License approval
must be provided within a reasonable period of time and revocation or
denial of a license must be subject to judicial review. Licensing may cover
hours of operation, interior layout requirements such as prohibiting doors
or curtains on peep booths, minimum lighting levels and signage . In
addition, both the business itself and individual employees may be
licensed. Typically, licensing would require a background investigation
similar to that carried out in conjunction with a liquor license application.
Moratorium on Adult Uses
Minnesota Statutes 462.355, Subd. 4, provides that a city may adopt an
interim ordinance for the purpose of protecting a planning process
designed to consider adopting amendments to the comprehensive plan or
zoning ordinance. During the duration of the interim ordinance (which may
be adopted for one year and extended for up to 18 months), the City may
restrict or prohibit any use in the community. In this case, the City could
adopt an interim ordinance prohibiting the establishment of any adult uses
until the study was completed and regulations had been adopted.
: ISSUES
The issue is whether the City Council feels that the required staff time
should be invested in developing an ordinance to regulate adult uses.
Considerable information and research is available to assist in this effort if
Council decides to pursue this issue.
ALTERNATIVES: 1.Do nothing
2.Direct staff to conduct a study and develop a recommended ordinance
amendment regulating adult uses
3.Direct staff to prepare an interim ordinance prohibiting the establishment
of adult uses and to conduct a study and develop a recommended
ordinance amendment regulating adult uses within the moratorium period.
RECOMMENDATION: Staff recommends Alternative 3.
ACTION REQUIRED:
oyles, City Manager