HomeMy WebLinkAboutGeotechnical Exploration & Review 06.0807 REPORT OF GEOTECHNICAL
EXPLORATION AND REVIEW
Proposed Shepherd's Path
Senior Housing
Prior Lake,Minnesota •
AET#01-02817
Date:
March 27,2006
Prepared for:
Shepherd of the Lake Lutheran Church
13760 McKenna Road Northwest
Prior Lake,MN 55379
CONSULTANTS
AMERICAN •ENVIRONMENTAL
A ENGINEERING •GEOTECHNICAL
•MATERIALS
TESTING, INC. •FORENSICS
March 27,2006
Shepherd of the Lake Lutheran Church
13760 McKenna Road Northwest
Prior Lake,MN 55379
Attn: Mr. Kermit Mahlum
RE: Geotechnical Exploration and Review
Proposed Shepherd's Path Senior Housing
Prior Lake, Minnesota
AET#01-02817
Dear Mr. Mahlum:
This report presents the results of a subsurface exploration program and geotechnical engineering
review for the referenced project. We are submitting three (3) copies of the report to you, and
one(1)copy to Pope Architects.
Please call if you have any questions about the report. I can also be contacted for arranging
construction observation and testing services during the earthwork phase.
Sincerely,
American Engineering Testing,Inc.
004,lZ
Jay Brekke,P.E.
Project Engineer
Phone: (651) 789-4645
Fax: (651) 659-1347
jbrekke@a,amengtest.com
cc: Mr. Dan Weatherman—Pope Architects
JB/jmg
This document shall not be reproduced,except in full,without written approval of American Engineering Testing,Inc.
550 Cleveland Avenue North•St.Paul,MN 55114
Phone 651-659-9001 .Toll Free 800-972-6364•Fax 651-659-1379•www.amengtest.com
Offices throughout Florida,Minnesota,South Dakota&Wisconsin
AN AFFIRMATIVE ACTION AND EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SUMMARY 1
Purpose 1
Scope 1
Findings 1
Recommendations 1
INTRODUCTION 2
Scope of Services 2
PROJECT INFORMATION 3
Foundation Design Assumptions 3
SITE CONDITIONS 3
Surface Observations 3
Subsurface Soils/Geology 4
Water Level Measurements 4
GEOTECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS 5
Review of Soil Properties 5
RECOMMENDATIONS 6
Building Grading 6
Foundations 9
Floor Slab 9
Sidewalk/Exterior Building Backfilling 9
Pavement 10
CONSTRUCTION CONSIDERATIONS 12
Potential Difficulties 12
Excavation Sidesloping/Retention 13
Observation and Testing 13 _
SUBSURFACE EXPLORATION 13
General 13
Drilling Methods 13
Sampling Methods 13
Classification Methods 14
Water Level Measurements 14
Sample Storage 15
LABORATORY TESTING 15
LIMITATIONS 15
STANDARD OF CARE 16
SIGNATURES 16
TABLE OF CONTENTS
STANDARD DATA SHEETS
Excavation and Refilling for Structural Support
Basement/Retaining Wall Backfill and Water Control
Floor Slab Moisture/Vapor Protection
Freezing Weather Effects on Building Construction
Bituminous Pavement Subgrade Preparation and Design
APPENDIX A
Figure 1 -Boring Locations
Soil Boring Logs
Boring Log Notes
Unified Soil Classification System
GEOTECHNICAL EXPLORATION AND REVIEW
FOR
SHEPHERD'S PATH SENIOR HOUSING
PRIOR LAKE, MINNESOTA
AET #01-02817
SUMMARY
Purpose
Shepherd of the Lake Lutheran Church is planning to construct a senior housing building east of
their existing church. The new building will be connected by a walkway to the existing church.
The purpose of our work on this project is to explore subsurface conditions and provide
geotechnical engineering recommendations to assist you and the project team in planning, design
and construction.
Scope
To accomplish the above purpose, you authorized our firm to drill four additional test borings at
the site (to supplement past borings performed in the area), conduct laboratory testing and
prepare this geotechnical engineering report.
Findings
The site geology is predominantly glacially-deposited till consisting of clay and clayey sand,
although past borings indicate some alluvial deposition is also present. Fill is present at some
areas, as deep as about 9'below existing grade.
Recommendations
These recommendations are condensed for your convenience. Study our entire report for
detailed recommendations.
• General grading for building support should include excavating topsoil, fill and soft
and/or dark colored fine alluvial soils. Under footings, additional excavation should be
carried out where soft to medium consistency alluvial clays are present within 5' of the
footing grade.
The on-site non-organic clays can be reused as structural fill provided they can be
sufficiently moisture conditioned to attain compaction. This conditioning process can be
time consuming and labor intensive, and will require favorable weather.
• After proper site preparation, the building can be supported on conventional spread
foundations,designed for an allowable soil bearing pressure of 3,000 psf.
• To prepare pavement subgrades, existing topsoil should be stripped, followed by
additionally subcutting any unstable clay soils within the upper 3' subgrade zone. The
on-site clayey soils are slow-draining and frost-susceptible; therefore, we recommend
placing a 1'thick sand subbase layer over the on-site clayey soils.
AET Job#01-02817 Page 2 of 16
INTRODUCTION
This report presents the results of a subsurface exploration program and geotechnical engineering
review for the proposed Shepherd's Path Senior Housing in Prior Lake,Minnesota.
To protect you,American Engineering Testing,Inc.(AET),and the public,we authorize use of
opinions and recommendations in this report only by you and your project team for this specific
project.Contact us if other uses are intended.Even though this report is not intended to provide
sufficient information to accurately determine quantities and location of particular materials,we
recommend that your potential contractors be advised of the report availability.
Existing Geotechnical Information
We drilled 16 soil borings on this site for the original church construction in November 2000.
The findings of our borings are detailed in our report dated December 1, 2000 (AET Project
No. 01-00590). Most of the borings we conducted at the time were located west of the
currently proposed construction. Borings 9, 10, 11, and 12 are within the area of the proposed
new construction, and we have included copies of these boring logs in this report. We also
provided the construction testing for the construction of the existing church.
Scope of Services
AET's work on this project was done in accordance with our proposal dated February 3, 2006,
which you authorized on February 7, 2006. The authorized scope of services for this project
consists of the following:
• Four(4)standard penetration test borings to depths of 21'. These borings are numbered
17 through 20, following the numbering sequence of our borings in 2000.
• Soil laboratory testing(water content).
• Geotechnical engineering analysis based on the above and preparation of this report.
The scope of our work is intended for geotechnical purposes only. This scope is not intended to
explore for the presence or extent of environmental contamination at the site or provide opinions
regarding the status of the site relative to"wetland"definitions.
AET Job#01-02817 Page 3 of 16
PROJECT INFORMATION
The proposed senior housing building will be a four-story structure with one level of
underground parking, and will be connected by a walkway to the existing church. We have not
been provided with construction details, but assume the structure will be of cast-in-place or
masonry bearing walls below grade, with precast plank for the first floor and wood frame
construction above. Mr. Gary Weimueller, P.E., of Structural Design Associates, estimates wall
loads of 7 to 9 kips per linear foot,and column loads of 300 to 435 kips.
The lowest finished floor elevation (parking level) of the building has been set at elevation
897.4'. Existing grades in the building footprint range from about 892' to 909'. We anticipate
that the live floor loads in this building would not exceed 200 pounds per square foot.
Bituminous paved parking and drive areas will be constructed to the north and east of the new
building. We anticipate that most of the traffic will be relatively light (automobiles and
passenger-type trucks). Some areas may also receive additional occasional heavier vehicles such
as waste collection trucks and delivery trucks. Based on the grading plans, it appears that
McKenna Road will be reconfigured and reconstructed; our report does not address this public
street.
Foundation Design Assumptions
Our foundation design assumptions include a minimum factor of safety of 3 with respect to
localized shear or base failure of the foundations.We assume the structure will be able to tolerate
total settlements of up to 1", and differential settlements over a 30'distance of up to %Z'.
The presented project information represents our understanding of the proposed construction. This
information is an integral part of our engineering review.It is important that you contact us if there are
changes from that described so that we can evaluate whether changes in our recommendations are
appropriate.
SITE CONDITIONS
Surface Observations
The site is located along McKenna Road Northwest in Prior Lake, Minnesota. At the time of our
exploration, the northern portion of the site was a bituminous-paved parking lot. The remainder
of the site was mostly grass-covered or grass and weed covered with small trees/brush. There
AET Job#01-02817 Page 4 of 16
was an existing wetland southeast of the proposed building location. According to the site plan
provided to us,this wetland had a water elevation of 889.3'on November 6, 2004.
Subsurface Soils/Geology
Logs of the test borings are included in Appendix A. The logs contain information concerning
soil layering, soil classification,, geologic description and moisture. Relative density, or
consistency is also noted,which is based on the standard penetration resistance (N-value).
We found topsoil or fill to about 1.5'to 9'below grade in each of our four recent borings and four
previous borings (9 through 12). Since grading has taken place since the original four borings
were drilled, there may be greater fill thicknesses at these locations (such as at boring 9 which
appears to have been filled approximately 10'since the boring was done).
Underlying the existing topsoil or fill,the site is predominantly glacially-deposited till,classified
as sandy lean clay and clayey sand, usually containing a little gravel. There are occasional sand
layers within the till. In some areas, the till is overlain by or interbedded with alluvium, which
refers to soils deposited by water. The alluvium often consists of lean clay with varying amounts
of sand.
The boring logs only indicate the subsurface conditions at the sampled locations. Variations often
occur between and beyond borings.
A lower wetland area is present to the south of the proposed easterly wing of the building(south
of past boring 11). Although the building does not lie directly over the wetland, a low elevation
swale projects northwesterly from the wetland into the building area. AET did not select the
boring locations, and there is an absence of soils data in this lower area. Past borings 11 and 12
lie to the northeast and northwest, respectively. Both of those borings are uphill from the lower
area, and both suggest a marginal profile with interbedded alluvial soils to be present(these areas
are some of the more limiting soils on this site). Therefore,it will be important to gain additional
subsurface information in this area,whether before construction or during construction.
Water Level Measurements
The boreholes were probed for the presence of groundwater and water level measurements were
taken. The measurements are recorded on the boring logs. A discussion of the water level
AET Job#01-02817 Page 5 of 16
measurement methods is presented in the SUBSURFACE EXPLORATION section of this
report.
Groundwater was not encountered in any of our recent borings; groundwater was encountered at
about 10'below grade in boring 12, drilled in 2000. Most of the on-site soils are slow-draining
cohesive soils, and an extended period of time would be needed for groundwater levels to
stabilize within an open borehole. Therefore, you should anticipate that the actual hydrostatic
groundwater level is shallower than found in our borings. Additionally, higher groundwater
levels are generally found in the spring and summer than in the fall or winter, when our borings
were drilled.
The groundwater levels will vary in elevation seasonally and annually, depending on seasonal
and yearly rainfall, as well as other factors. In our opinion, the hydrostatic groundwater level on
the site will be found at or above the wetland, which is an expression of groundwater. You
should anticipate hydrostatic groundwater at or above about elevation 890.
GEOTECHNICAL CONSIDERATIONS
The following geotechnical considerations are the basis for the recommendations presented later
in this report.
Review of Soil Properties
Strength/Compressibility
The existing fill soils are undocumented, and were not placed with the intent of supporting future
structures, and are unsuitable for structural support. Topsoil layers are also organic and are
unsuitable. The naturally-occurring, non-organic sandy lean clay and clayey sand are generally
suitable for support of the proposed structure, however, relatively soft or wet clays (N-values of
5 bpf or less) are relatively weak, and should be removed where present within 5' of footing
grade.
AET Job#01-02817 Page 6 of 16
Drainage Properties
The predominant cohesive soil types encountered on this site are moderately slow to slow-
draining materials. Some occasional more permeable lenses/layers of granular soils are also
present on the site.
Frost Susceptibility
The site soils are judged to be moderately frost susceptible.
RECOMMENDATIONS
Building Grading
Excavation
To prepare the building area for foundation and floor slab support, we recommend
stripping/subcutting the existing topsoil and fill, and any obviously soft, wet or disturbed soils.
We recommend additionally removing any soft to medium consistency clays, with an N-value of
5 bpf or less, which are present (vertically) within 5' below footings. The excavation bottom
should be laterally oversized at least 1'horizontally beyond the edge of footings, for each foot of
fill required below the bottom of footings,as measured at the base of the subcut.
If the site is mass-graded and specific footing locations/elevations are not staked during grading,
removal of these soft to medium consistency clays would be needed throughout the entire
building area; however, if footing locations are accurately staked and elevations determined, this
additional soft to medium consistency clay removal can then be limited to the footing areas only.
The following table shows the estimated elevation of the excavations to remove existing topsoil,
fill and soft to medium consistency clays at our boring locations. The actual depths to remove
poor soils will vary around and between the borings and will not be known until excavation is
started. We recommend that the earthwork contract contain a unit price line item for removal of
poor soils beyond what volume is calculated.
AET Job#01-02817 Page 7 of 16
Surface Estimated Depth', Estimated Elevation of
.Boring:Nurnber . .Elevations •. of Ezcavaiion . : ... Botiom atExesivatio l
9 896.0* 5' —891
10 —906.1* 5' —901.1
11 —897.6* 2' —895.6
12 894.2* 5' —889.2
17 905.8 9' 896.8
18 904.8 4' 900.8
19 905.2 2' 903.8
20 898.1 1.5' 896.6
*Elevations for borings 9 through 12 are at the time of drilling, and these locations may
have been subsequently graded.
The elevations of the bottom of the excavation indicated in the table above are based on soil
conditions at the boring locations. Since conditions may vary, it is recommended that a
geotechnical engineer/technician observe the final excavation prior to new fill or footing
placement.
Depending on the required depth of subcutting to remove soft soils and precipitation patterns
prior to and during construction, hydrostatic and/or perched groundwater may be encountered in
excavations for soil correction. The wetland on the south side of the site is at about elevation
890, and in our opinion, the hydrostatic groundwater level is at or above that elevation.
Excavation or filling below standing water should not be allowed; the contractor should be
required to remove infiltrating surface water or groundwater.
Additional Testing in the Low Area Near the Wetland
AET did not select the test boring locations. Soil borings were not put down in the lower
elevation area between borings 11/12 and the wetland(south portion of east wing). Because this
area is downhill from borings suggesting variable layered soils, we feel it is important to gain
additional strength and compressibility information on the supporting soils in this low area.
These supporting soils will need to support significant fill load (needed to raise grade) in
addition to the building loads.
AET Job#01-02817 Page 8 of 16
Analysis associated with the additional testing should include evaluating settlement under the
added fill and building loads and global slope stability (with final grade outside of the building
sloping downward to the wetland).
The additional testing could be done prior to construction or during construction. Preferably,the
testing should be done with,additional standard penetration test borings (with thinwall tube
sampling) or with cone penetration test (CPT) soundings. If these preferred methods are not
chosen, the evaluation could be done with backhoe-dug test pits during construction(just outside
of the building area), although recognize that evaluation could take time and result in
construction delays.
Filling
The on-site clay soils could be reused as structural fill, if they are properly moisture conditioned.
Moisture conditioning will require discing, drying or wetting, and blending of soils and will
require favorable weather. Soils should be moisture conditioned to within 2% of the optimum,
as determined by the Standard Proctor dry density(ASTM:D 698).
New fill placed below foundation grades should be compacted in thin lifts to a minimum of 98%
of the Standard Proctor dry density. For fill placed beneath the floor slab (above foundation
grades), the compaction level can be reduced to 95%. The fill lift thickness should be thin
enough such that the entire thickness of fill placed can meet the minimum specified compaction
level.
Some of the excavation bottoms may be sensitive to disturbance, especially if they are wet. In
order to prevent disturbance of these soils during filling activities, it may be necessary to use
granular soils as the initial lift of fill.
The placement of more than about 10' of cohesive (clay) fill can result in greater-than-normal
settlement due to long-term consolidation (hydrocompression). If excavations to remove poor
soils extend to below about elevation 887, we recommend using imported granular fill below this
elevation. Sands with less than 12% by weight passing the No. 200 sieve would be suitable for
this use.
Where fill is placed on sloping ground(4:1 or steeper), we recommend the excavation bottom be
benched or terraced into the slope(parallel to the ground contour)prior to fill placement.
AET Job# 01-02817 Page 9 of 16
Foundations
After site preparation, the structure can be supported on conventional spread foundations placed
on the new compacted fill and competent native soils. We recommend perimeter foundations for
heated building space be placed such that the bottom is a minimum of 42" below exterior grade.
We recommend foundations for unheated building space (such as canopy foundations, wing
walls, signs, etc.) be extended to a minimum of 60" below exterior grade. Additionally, the
footings under the garage doors should be stepped down to 60".
Based on the conditions encountered,it is our opinion the building foundations can be designed
based on a maximum allowable soil bearing pressure of 3,000 psf. It is our judgment this design
pressure will have a factor of safety of at least 3 against localized shear or base failure. We
judge that total settlements under this loading should not exceed 1". We also judge that
differential settlements of conditions depicted by the borings should not exceed %z".
Floor Slab
Preparation of the building area as previously recommended in the Building Grading Procedures
section will also prepare the building area for floor slab support. All fill supporting the floor slab
should be compacted to a minimum of 95%of Standard Proctor density. This includes utility and
foundation trench backfill.
We estimate the clayey soils should provide a modulus of subgrade reaction (K-value) of 150
pounds per cubic inch.
Our recommendations for placement of a sand layer or plastic membrane are included in the
standard sheet entitled"Floor Slab Moisture/Vapor Protection."
Sidewalk/Exterior Building Backfilling
Our recommendations for backfilling the structure appears on two standard data sheets which we
have included with this report. These sheets are entitled:
• "Freezing Weather Effects on Building Construction"
• `Basement/Retaining Wall Backfill and Water Control"
AET Job#01-02817 Page 10 of 16
Fill soils placed beneath exterior sidewalks should be compacted to a minimum of 95% of the
Standard Proctor dry density. Fill selection should consider frost properties. Subsurface
drainage should also be considered in situations where water can become trapped(held up within
the frost zones upon clayey soils).
Pavement
Subgrade Preparation
We recommend the surface vegetation and topsoil be removed from below all bituminous
pavement areas. Excessively soft/wet clays or soils containing significant amounts of organics
(over 5%) within the upper 3' of the pavement subgrade (within 3' of the bottom of Class 5) •
should also be removed. After stripping the soils, the exposed soil should be evaluated for
stability by test rolling as described in the attached sheet entitled "Bituminous Pavement
Subgrade Preparation and Design." If soft or unstable soils are found,they should be subcut and
replaced with drier fill or aerated, dried and recompacted back into place if weather conditions
permit. It should not be necessary to correct soft soils to more than 3' beneath the proposed
subgrade elevation, unless the soils are so unstable that they limit the ability to compact fill
placed above these soils. We caution that a significant amount of soil stabilization may be
required, and will require favorable weather conditions.
The on-site non-organic clayey soils can be used as fill for the pavement subgrade. If they are
used, it is critical that they are placed and compacted at the proper moisture conditions; we
recommend that they be placed at within 2%of their optimum moisture content as determined by
the Standard Proctor dry density.
We recommend all fill placed within the top 3' of the pavement subgrade be compacted to a
minimum of 100%of Standard Proctor maximum dry density. If fill is required below the top 3',
it should be compacted to at least 95%. Please refer to the attached standard data sheet entitled
"Bituminous Pavement Subgrade Preparation and Design" for general information on pavement
stability and design.
Sand Subbase Layer
The clayey soils on this site are frost-susceptible; they will heave upon freezing each year and
undergo a reduction of shear strength during freeze/thaw cycles. Additionally, their slow-
draining nature will increase the potential for excess moisture in the aggregate base. Therefore,
we recommend placing a 1' thick non-frost-susceptible (NFS) sand subbase below the Class 5
AET Job#01-02817 Page 11 of 16
base course to improve drainage and reduce frost effects. The sand should meet the gradation
requirements of Mn/DOT Specification 3149.2B2 for Select Granular Borrow. Preferably,
Modified Select Granular Borrow should be used. This material would have less than 5%
passing the No. 200 sieve and less than 40% passing the No. 40 sieve. The entire thickness of
the sand subbase layer should be compacted to a minimum of 100% of the Standard Proctor
maximum dry density.
The sand subbase layer, if it is placed, should be provided with a means of subsurface drainage
to collect and dispose of water which may become trapped within the sands and above the slower
draining clayey soils. This drainage can be provided by installing finger drains into catch basins
at elevations no higher than the bottom of the sand layer. Edge drains can also be provided
around the perimeter of the parking and driveway areas. The finger drains and edge drains should
be wrapped with geotextile fabric and backfilled with sand. To promote subsurface movement of
the trapped water, the top of the clayey soil layer should be sloped or shaped to direct water to
the drainage collection points.
Cost will be a factor in your decision whether or not to use a sand subbase. Although the use of
a sand subbase has a higher initial cost, longer term costs can be reduced by the improved
performance, lower maintenance, the use of thinner pavement sections, and improved
constructability. We also have included an alternate pavement design if you choose not to use a
sand subbase.
Pavement Thickness
It is our opinion the pavements should be designed using an assumed R-value of 30, if the sand
subbase is placed. If the sand subbase is not used, we assume an R-value of 10. The following
tabulation presents the recommended bituminous pavement thickness based on these R-values.
AET Job#01-02817 Page 12 of 16
Pavement Course Sand Subbase With No Sand Subbase
Alternative
Heavy Heavy
Automobile Duty Automobile Duty
Traffic Only Areas Traffic Only Areas
Bituminous Wear 1.5" 2" 1.5" 2"
Bituminous Base 1.5" 2" 1.5 2"
Class 5 Aggregate Base(Mn/DOT 3138) 5" 7" 7" 10"
Select Granular Borrow
(Mn/DOT 3149.2B2 12" 12" No No
CONSTRUCTION CONSIDERATIONS
Potential Difficulties
Runoff Water in Excavation
The on-site soils are relatively poor draining and occasional sand seams are present. You should
anticipate encountering perched and possibly hydrostatic groundwater in excavations on this site.
To allow observation of the excavation bottom, to reduce the potential for soil disturbance, and
to facilitate filling operations, we recommend water be removed from within the excavations
during construction.
Disturbance of Soils
The on-site soils can become disturbed under construction traffic, especially if the soils are wet.
If soils become disturbed, they should be subcut to the underlying undisturbed soils. The subcut
soils can then be dried and recompacted back into place, or they should be removed and replaced
with drier imported fill.
Cobbles and Boulders
Glacial till soils,which are present at this site,can include cobbles and boulders. This may make
excavating procedures somewhat more difficult than normal if they are encountered. Also, if
cobbles or boulders are encountered at footing grade, it may be necessary to remove these
oversized particles and replace them with compacted fill to allow footing placement.
AET Job#01-02817 Page 13 of 16
Excavation Sidesloping/Retention
If unretained, the excavation should maintain sideslopes in accordance with OSHA Regulations
(Standards - 29 CFR) Part 1926, Subpart P, "Excavations." Even with the required OSHA
sloping, ground water seepage can induce sideslope raveling or running which would require
maintenance.
Observation and Testing
The recommendations in this report are based on the subsurface conditions found at our test
boring locations. Since the soil conditions can be expected to vary away from the soil boring
locations, we recommend on-site observation by a geotechnical engineer or technician during
construction to evaluate these potential changes.Soil density testing should also be performed on
new fill placed in order to document that project specifications for compaction have been
satisfied.
SUBSURFACE EXPLORATION
General
The current subsurface exploration program consisted of four (4) standard penetration test
borings. The fieldwork was performed on March 3, 2006. Additionally, we have included four
boring logs from our earlier exploration in November 2000.
The approximate soil boring locations are shown on attached Figure 1. The recent borings were
located by measuring from the existing church. Our drill crew shot the surface elevations at the
borings referenced to the floor slab in the north entrance to the church. According to the site
plan, this benchmark is at elevation 909.48'.
Drilling Methods
The standard penetration test borings were drilled using hollow-stem augers. The boreholes were
grouted in compliance with the Minnesota Department of Health rules.
Sampling Methods
Split-Spoon Samples (SS)
Standard penetration (split-spoon) samples were collected in accordance with ASTM:D1586.
This method consists of driving a 2" O.D. split-barrel sampler into the in situ soil with a 140-
pound hammer dropped from a height of 30". The sampler is driven a total of 18" into the soil.
AET Job#01-02817 Page 14 of 16
After an initial set of 6", the number of hammer blows to drive the sampler the final 12" is
known as the standard penetration resistance or N value.
Sampling Limitations
Unless actually observed in a sample, contacts between soil layers are estimated based on the
spacing of samples.,and the action of drilling tools. Cobbles, boulders, and other large objects
generally cannot be recovered from test borings. They may still be present in the ground even if
they are not noted on the boring logs.
Classification Methods
Soil classifications shown on the boring logs are based on the Unified Soil classification (USC)
system. The USC system is described in ASTM:D2487 and D2488. Where laboratory
classification tests(sieve analysis and Atterberg Limits)have been performed, classifications per
ASTM:D2487 are possible. Otherwise, soil classifications shown on the boring logs are visual-
manual judgments. We have attached charts (Appendix A) illustrating the USC system, the
descriptive terminology, and the symbols used on the boring logs.
The boring logs include judgments of the geological depositional origin. This judgment is
primarily based on observation of the soil samples, which can be limited. Observations of the
surrounding topography,vegetation, and development can sometimes aid this judgment.
Water Level Measurements
The ground water measurements are shown at the bottom of the boring logs. The following
information appears under"Water Level Measurements"on the logs:
• Date and Time of measurement
• Sampled Depth: lowest depth of soil sampling at the time of measurement
• Casing Depth: depth to bottom of casing or hollow-stem auger at time of measurement
• Cave-in Depth: depth at which measuring tape stops in the borehole
• Water Level: depth in the borehole where free water is encountered
• Drilling Fluid Level: same as Water Level,except that the liquid in the borehole is drilling fluid
The true location of the water table at the boring locations may be different than the water levels
measured in the boreholes. This is possible because there are several factors that can affect the
water level measurements in the borehole. Some of these factors include: permeability of each
AET Job#01-02817 Page 15 of 16
soil layer in profile, presence of perched water, amount of time between water level readings,
presence of drilling fluid, weather conditions, and use of borehole casing.
Sample Storage
We will retain representative samples of the soils recovered from the borings for a period of 30
days. The sampleswill then be discarded unless you notify us otherwise. •
LABORATORY TESTING
•
The laboratory test program consisted of seven (7) water content tests. The results of the water
content tests are included on the boring logs in Appendix A, opposite the samples upon which
the tests were run.
•
LIMITATIONS
The data derived through this sampling and observation program have been used to develop our
opinions about the subsurface conditions at your site. However,because no exploration program can
reveal totally what is in the subsurface, conditions between borings and between samples and at other
times, may differ from conditions described in this report. The exploration we conducted identified
subsurface conditions only at those points where we took samples or observed ground water
conditions. Depending on the sampling methods and sampling frequency, every soil layer may not be
observed, and some materials or layers which are present in the ground may not be noted on the
boring logs.
If conditions encountered during construction differ from those indicated by our borings, it may be
necessary to alter our conclusions and recommendations, or to modify construction procedures, and
the cost of construction may be affected.
The extent and detail of information about the subsurface condition is directly related to the scope of
the exploration. It should be understood, therefore, that information can be obtained by means of
additional exploration.
AET Job#01-02817 Page 16 of 16
STANDARD OF CARE
Our services for your project have been conducted to those standards considered normal for
services of this type at this time and location. Other than this, no warranty, either express or
implied,is intended.
SIGNATURES
Report Prepared by: Report Reviewed by:
•
•
American Engineering Testing,Inc. American Engineering Testing,Inc.
/ ,
.,,,,
Jay .Brekke,P.E. Jeffery K. Voyen,PE
Project Engineer Vice President, Geotechnical Division
MN Reg.No.25631
JPB/jmg
EXCAVATION AND REFILLING FOR STRUCTURAL SUPPORT
EXCAVATION
Excavations for structural support at soil boring locations should be taken to depths recommended in the geotechnical
report. Since conditions can vary, recommended excavation depths between and beyond the boring locations should
be evaluated by geotechnical field personnel.If ground water is present,the excavation should be dewatered to avoid
the risk of unobservable poor soils being left in-place.Excavation base soils may become disturbed due to construction
traffic, ground water or other reasons. Such soils should be subcut to underlying undisturbed soils. Where the
excavation base slopes steeper than 4:1, the excavation bottom should be benched across the slope parallel to the
excavation contour.
Soil stresses under footings spread out with depth.Therefore,the excavation bottom and subsequent fill system should
be laterally oversized beyond footing edges to support the footing stresses.A lateral oversize equal to the depth of fill
below the footing(i.e., 1:1 oversize)is usually recommended.The lateral oversize is usually increased to 1.5:1 where
compressible organic soils are exposed on the excavation sides. Variations in oversize requirements may be
recommended in the geotechnical report or can be evaluated by the geotechnical field personnel.
Unless the excavation is retained, the backslopes should be tnaintained in accordance with OSHA Regulations
(Standards-29 CFR),Part 1926,Subpart P, "Excavations"(found on www.osha.eov).Even with the required OSHA
sloping, ground water can induce sideslope raveling or running which could require that flatter slopes or other
approaches be used.
FILLING
Filling should proceed only after the excavation bottom has been approved by the geotechnical engineer/technician.
Approved fill material should be uniformly compacted in thin lifts to the compaction levels specified in the
geotechnical report. The lift thickness should be thin enough to achieve specified compaction through the full lift
thickness with the compaction equipment utilized.Typical thicknesses are 6"to 9"for clays and 12"to 18"for sands.
Fine grained soils are moisture sensitive and are often wet(water content exceeds the "optimum moisture content"
defined by a Proctor test). In this case, the soils should be scarified and dried to achieve a water content suitable for
compaction.This drying process can be time consuming, labor intensive, and requires favorable weather.
Select fill material may be needed where the excavation bottom is sensitive to disturbance or where standing water
is present. Sands (SP) which are medium to coarse grained are preferred, and can be compacted in thicker lift
thicknesses than finer grained soils.
Filling operations for structural support should be closely monitored for fill type and compaction by a geotechnical
technician.Monitoring should be on a full-time basis in cases where vertical fill placement is rapid;during freezing
weather conditions;where ground water is present; or where sensitive bottom conditions are present.
EXCAVATION/REFILLING DURING FREEZING TEMPERATURES
Soils that freeze will heave and lose density. Upon thawing, these soils will not regain their original strength and
density.The extent of heave and density loss depends on the soil type and moisture condition;and is most pronounced
in clays and silts.Foundations,slabs,and other improvements should be protected from frost intrusion during freezing
weather. For earthwork during freezing weather, the areas to be filled should be stripped of frozen soil, snow and
ice prior to new fill placement. In addition, new fill should not be allowed to freeze during or after placement. For
this reason, it may be preferable to do earthwork operations in small plan areas so grade can be quickly attained
instead of large areas where much frost stripping may be needed.
01REP011(2/01) AMERICAN ENGINEERING TESTING,INC.
BASEMENT/RETAINING WALL BACKFILL AND WATER CONTROL
DRAINAGE
Below grade basements should include a perimeter backfill drainage system on the exterior side of the wall. The
exception may be where basements lie within free draining sands where water will not perch in the backfill. Drainage
systems should consist of perforated or slotted PVC drainage pipes located at the bottom of the backfill trench, lower
than the interior floor grade.The drain pipe should be surrounded by properly graded filter rock. A filter fabric should
then envelope the filter rock.The drain pipe should be connected to a suitable means of disposal,such as a sump basket
or a gravity outfall. A storm sewer gravity outfall would be preferred over exterior daylighting, as the latter may freeze
during winter.,For non-building, exterior retaining walls, weep holes at the base of the wall can be substituted for a
drain pipe.
BACKFILLING
Prior to backfilling,damp/water proofing should be applied on perimeter basement walls.The backfill materials placed
against basement walls will exert lateral loadings.To reduce this loading by allowing for drainage,we recommend using
free draining sands for backfill. The zone of sand backfill should extend outward from the wall at least 2', and then
upward and outward from the wall at a 30°or greater angle from vertical. As a minimum,the sands should contain no
greater than 12% by weight passing the#200 sieve, which would include (SP)and(SP-SM) soils. The sand backfill
should be placed in lifts and compacted with portable compaction equipment.This compaction should be to the specified
levels if slabs or pavements are placed above. Where slab/pavements are not above,we recommend capping the sand
backfill with a layer of clayey soil to minimize surface water infiltration. Positive surface drainage away from the
building should also be maintained. If surface capping or positive surface drainage cannot be maintained,then the trench
should be filled with more permeable soils, such as the Fine Filter or Coarse Filter Aggregates defined in MnDOT
Specification 3149. You should recognize that if the backfill soils are not properly compacted, settlements may occur
which may affect surface drainage away from the building.
Backfilling with silty or clayey soil is possible but not preferred.These soils can build-up water which increases lateral
pressures and results in wet wall conditions and possible water infiltration into the basement. If you elect to place silty
or clayey soils as backfill, we recommend you place a prefabricated drainage composite against the wall which is
hydraulically connected to a drainage pipe at the base of the backfill trench. High plasticity clays should be avoided as
backfill due to their swelling potential.
LATERAL PRESSURES
Lateral earth pressures on below grade walls vary, depending on backfill soil classification, backfill compaction and
slope of the backfill surface. Static or dynamic surcharge loads near the wall will also increase lateral wall pressure.
For design,we recommend the following ultimate lateral earth pressure values(given in equivalent fluid pressure values)
for a drained soil compacted to 95% of the Standard Proctor density and a level ground surface.
Equivalent Fluid Density
Soil Type Active (pcf) At-Rest (pcf)
Sands (SP or SP-SM) 35 50
Silty Sands (SM) 45 65
Fine Grained Soils(SC, CL or ML) 70 90
Basement walls are normally restrained at the top which restricts movement. In this case, the design lateral pressures
should be the "at-rest" pressure situation. Retaining walls which are free to rotate or deflect should be designed using
the active case. Lateral earth pressures will be significantly higher than that shown if the backfill soils are not drained
and become saturated.
01REP014(7/01) AMERICAN ENGINEERING TESTING, INC.
FLOOR SLAB MOISTURE/VAPOR PROTECTION
Floor slab design relative to moisture/vapor protection should consider the type and location of two elements,a granular
layer and a vapor membrane(vapor retarder,water resistant barrier or vapor barrier).In the following sections,the pros
and cons of the possible options regarding these elements will be presented,such that you and your specifier can make
an engineering decision based on the benefits and costs of the choices.
GRANULAR LAYER
In American Concrete Institute(ACI)302.1-96,a"base material"is recommended,rather than the conventional cleaner
"sand cushion" material. The manual maintains that clean sand(common "cushion" sand)is difficult to compact and
maintain until concrete placement is complete.ACI recommends a clean,fine graded material(with at least 10%to 30%
of particles passing a#100 sieve)which is not contaminated with clay,silt or organic material.We refer you to ACI 302.1-
96 for additional details regarding the requirements for the base material.
In cases where potential static water levels or significant perched water sources appear near or above the floor slab,an
underfloor drainage system may be needed wherein a draintile system is placed within a thicker clean sand or gravel layer.
Such a system should be properly engineered depending on subgrade soil types and rate/head of water inflow.
VAPOR MEMBRANE •
The need for a vapor membrane depends on whether the floor slab will have a vapor sensitive covering,will have vapor
sensitive items stored on the slab, or if the space above the slab will be a humidity controlled area.If the project does not
have this vapor sensitivity or moisture control need,placement of a vapor membrane may not be necessary.Your decision
will then relate to whether to use the ACI base material or a conventional sand cushion layer.However,if any of the above
sensitivity issues apply,placement of a vapor membrane is recommended. Some floor covering systems(adhesives and
flooring materials)require a vapor membrane to maintain a specified maximum slab moisture content as a condition of their
warranty.
VAPOR MEMBRANE/GRANULAR LAYER PLACEMENT
A number of issues should be considered when deciding whether to place the vapor membrane above or below the granular
layer.The benefits of placing the slab on a granular layer,with the vapor membrane placed below the granular layer,include
reduction of the following:
• Slab curling during the curing and drying process.
• Time of bleeding,which allows for quicker finishing.
• Vapor membrane puncturing.
• Surface blistering or delamination caused by an extended bleeding period.
• Cracking caused by plastic or drying shrinkage.
The benefits of placing the vapor membrane over the granular layer include the following:
• The moisture emission rate is achieved faster.
• Eliminates a potential water reservoir within the granular layer above the membrane.
• Provides a"slip surface",thereby reducing slab restraint and the associated random cracking.
If a membrane is to be used in conjunction with a granular layer,the approach recommended depends on slab usage and the
construction schedule.The vapor membrane should be placed above the granular layer when:
• Vapor sensitive floor covering systems are used or vapor sensitive items will be directly placed on the slab.
• The area will be humidity controlled, but the slab will be placed before the building is enclosed and sealed from
rain.
• Required by a floor covering manufacturer's system warranty.
The vapor membrane should be placed below the granular layer when:
• Used in humidity controlled areas(without vapor sensitive coverings/stored items),with the roof membrane in place,
and the building enclosed to the point where precipitation will not intrude into the slab area.Consideration should
be given to slight sloping of the membrane to edges where draintile or other disposal methods can alleviate potential
water sources,such as pipe or roof leaks,foundation wall damp proofing failure,fire sprinkler system activation,
etc.
There may be cases where membrane placement may have a detrimental effect on the subgrade support system (e.g.,
expansive soils).In these cases,your decision will need to weigh the cost of subgrade options and the performance risks.
01REP013(2/01) AMERICAN ENGINEERING TESTING,INC.
FREEZING WEATHER EFFECTS ON BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
GENERAL
Because water expands upon freezing and soils contain water,soils which are allowed to freeze will heave and
lose density. Upon thawing,these soils will not regain their original strength and density. The extent of heave
and density/strength loss depends on the soil type and moisture condition.Heave is greater in soils with higher
percentages.of fines (silts/clays). High silt content soils are most susceptible,.due to their high capillary rise
potential which can create ice lenses. Fine grained soils generally heave about 1/4" to 3/8" for each foot of
frost penetration. This can translate to 1" to 2" of total frost heave. This total amount can be significantly
greater if ice lensing occurs.
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Clayey and silty soils can be used as perimeter backfill, although the effect of their poor drainage and frost
properties should be considered.Basement areas will have special drainage and lateral load requirements which
are not discussed here.Frost heave may be critical in doorway areas.Stoops or sidewalks adjacent to doorways
could be designed as structural slabs supported on frost footings with void spaces below. With this design,
movements may then occur between the structural slab and the adjacent on-grade slabs. Non-frost susceptible
sands (with less than 12% passing a#200 sieve)can be used below such areas. Depending on the function of
surrounding areas, the sand layer may need a thickness transition away from the area where movement is
critical. With sand placement over slower draining soils, subsurface drainage would be needed for the sand
layer. High density extruded insulation could be used within the sand to reduce frost penetration, thereby
reducing the sand thickness needed.We caution that insulation placed near the surface can increase the potential
for ice glazing of the surface.
The possible effects of adfreezing should be considered if clayey or silty soils are used as backfill. Adfreezing
occurs when backfill adheres to rough surfaced foundation walls and lifts the wall as it freezes and heaves.This
occurrence is most common with masonry block walls,unheated or poorly heated building situations and clay
backfill.The potential is also increased where backfill soils are poorly compacted and become saturated.The
risk of adfreezing can be decreased by placing a low friction separating layer between the wall and backfill.
Adfreezing can occur on exterior piers(such as deck, fence or other similar pier footings), even if a smooth
surface is provided. This is more likely in poor drainage situations where soils become saturated. Additional
footing embedment and/or widened footings below the frost zones(which includes tensile reinforcement)can
be used to resist uplift forces. Specific designs would require individual analysis.
CONSTRUCTION CONSIDERATIONS
Foundations,slabs and other improvements which may be affected by frost movements should be insulated from
frost penetration during freezing weather. If filling takes place during freezing weather, all frozen soils,snow
and ice should be stripped from areas to be filled prior to new fill placement.The new fill should not be allowed
to freeze during transit, placement or compaction. This should be considered in the project scheduling,
budgeting and quantity estimating.It is usually beneficial to perform cold weather earthwork operations in small
areas where grade can be attained quickly rather than working larger areas where a greater amount of frost
stripping may be needed. If slab subgrade areas freeze,we recommend the subgrade be thawed prior to floor
slab placement. The frost action may also require reworking and recompaction of the thawed subgrade.
OIREP015(2/01) AMERICAN ENGINEERING TESTING,INC.
BITUMINOUS PAVEMENT SUBGRADE PREPARATION AND DESIGN
GENERAL
Bituminous pavements are considered layered"flexible" systems. Dynamic wheel loads transmit high local stresses
through the bituminous/base onto the subgrade. Because of this, the upper portion of the subgrade requires high
strength/stability to reduce deflection and fatigue of the bituminous/base system.The wheel load intensity dissipates
through the subgrade such that the high level of soil stability is usually not needed below about 2' to 4' (depending
on the anticipated traffic and underlying soil conditions).This is the primary reason for specifying a higher level of
compaction within the upper snbgrade zone versus the lower portion. Moderate compaction is usually desired below
the upper critical zone,primarily to avoid settlements/sags of the roadway. However, if the soils present below the
upper 3' subgrade zone are unstable, attempts to properly compact the upper 3' zone to the 100% level may be
difficult or not possible. Therefore, control of moisture just below the 3' level may be needed to provide a non-
yielding base upon which to compact the upper subgrade soils.
Long-term pavement performance is dependent on the soil subgrade drainage and frost characteristics. Poor to
moderate draining soils tend to be susceptible to frost heave and subsequent weakening upon thaw.This condition can
result in irregular frost movements and"popouts,"as well as an accelerated softening of the subgrade.Frost problems
become more pronounced when the subgrade is layered with soils of varying permeability.In this situation,the free-
draining soils provide a pathway and reservoir for water infiltration which exaggerates the movements.The placement
of a well drained sand subbase layer as the top of subgrade can minimi trapped water,smooth frost movements and
significantly reduce subgrade softening.In wet,layered and/or poor drainage situations, the long-term performance
gain should be significant.If a sand subbase is placed,we recommend it be a"Select Granular Borrow"which meets
Mn/DOT Specification 3149.2B2.
PREPARATION
Subgrade preparation should include stripping surficial vegetation and organic soils. Where the exposed soils are
within the upper "critical" subgrade zone(generally 21'deep for "auto only" areas and 3' deep for "heavy duty"
areas),they should be evaluated for stability. Excavation equipment may make such areas obvious due to deflection
and rutting patterns. Final evaluation of soils within the critical subgrade zone should be done by test rolling with
heavy rubber-tired construction equipment,such as a loaded dump truck.Soils which rut or deflect 1"or more under
the test roll should be corrected by either subcutting and replacement;or by scarification,drying,and recompaction.
Reworked soils and new fill shouldbe compacted per the *Specified Density Method" outlined in Mn/DOT
Specification 2105.3F1 (a minimum of 100% of Standard Proctor density in the upper 3' subgrade zone, and a
minimum of 95%below this).
Subgrade preparation scheduling can be an important consideration.Fall and Spring seasons usually have unfavorable
weather for soil drying.Stabilizing non-sand subgrades during these seasons may be difficult,and attempts often result
in compromising the pavement quality. Where construction scheduling requires subgrade preparation during these
times, the use of a sand subbase becomes even more beneficial for constructability reasons.
SUBGRADE DRAINAGE
If a sand subbase layer is used, it should be provided with a means of subsurface drainage to prevent water build-up.
This can be in the form of draintile lines which dispose into storm sewer systems,or outlets into ditches.Where sand
subbase layers include sufficient sloping,and water can migrate to lower areas,draintile lines can be limited to finger
drains at the catch basins.Even if a sand layer is not placed,strategically placed draintile lines can aid in improving
pavement performance. This would be most important in areas where adjacent non-paved areas slope towards the
pavement. Perimeter edge drains can aid hi intercepting water which may infiltrate below the pavement.
01REP016(02/01) AMERICAN ENGINEERING TESTING,INC.
Appendix A
•
Figure 1 - Boring Locations
Soil Boring Logs
Boring Log Notes
Unified Soil Classification System
‘o
o 'E
p• N
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——— T "11 s 3ee ■ 3e 4 :_54.1: I—— • s: a R�
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11..7� Cd
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get
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a -
R g P R •-v T- r. R W
R o r x CjW
L 0 133 HS is w
AAMERICAN
ENGINEERING SUBSURFACE BORING LOG
iimi TESTING, INC.
AET JOB NO: 01-02817 LOG OF BORING NO. 17 (p. 1 of 1)
PROJECT: Proposed Shepherd's Path Senior Housing; Prior Lake, MN
DEPTH SURFACE ELEVATION: 905.8 GEOLOGY N MC SAMPLE REC FIELD&LABORATORY TESTS
FEET MATERIAL DESCRIPTION TYPE IN• WC DEN LL PL '1,4200
FILL,mostly organic clay,a little gravel,trace
roots,black i-.--.—
I — FILL,mostly sandy lean clay,a little gravel, 11 M SS 24
- s
trace roots,light brown,frozen to about 1.5'
2
3 — 9 M , SS 24
4 FILL,mixture of clayey sand and silty sand, FILL 11
trace roots,black and brown '
5-
10 M , SS 15
6—
ii7
8— 3166/Agaerr el ei 7.41
13 M � SS 24
NV
CLAYEY SAND,a littlevel light brown and r WEATHEREE
10 light'grayish brown mottled,fu-m,laminations of /TILL 8 M SS 13 13
fine silty sand(SC) ,
11 —
12— iii
13 CLAYEY SAND,a little gravel,light grayish 18 Mrli SS 24
14— brown,very stiff,laminations of sand(SC)
///:/,� tii
15— f/f TILL
17 M li SS 18
— f16
l7- �1
//I 111
1s
19— � 1
CLAYEY SAND,a little gravel,light brownish �f�'
20— gray,very stiff,laminations of sand(SC) 19 M ilr SS 20
21 'A
END OF BORING
DEPTH: DRILLING METHOD WATER LEVEL MEASUREMENTS NOTE: REFER TO
0-19' 3.25"HSA
DATE TIME
SAMPLED
DEPTH CAVE-INSING EFLUIDDIDLEVEL WATERVELTHE ATTACHED
3/3/06 9:45 21.0 19.0 None SHEETS FOR AN
3/3/06 9:50 21.0 - 15.0 None EXPLANATION OF
BORING TERMINOLOGY ON
COMPLETED: 3/3/06
DR: MN LG: TM Rig: 67C THIS LOG .
06/04
AAMERICAN
ENGINEERING SUBSURFACE BORING LOG
m•••• TESTING,INC.
AET JOB NO: 01-02817 LOG OF BORING NO. 18 (p. 1 of 1)
PROJECT: Proposed Shepherd's Path Senior Housing; Prior Lake, MN
DEPTH SURFACE ELEVATION: 904.8 GEOLOGY N MC SAMPLE REC FIELD&LABORATORY TESTS
FEET MATERIAL DESCRIPTION TYPE ' WC DEN LL PL •/r#20(
-,4"Bituminous pavement .----
FILL,8"crushed Iimestone base,light brown
1 M SU
FILL,mixture of clayey sand and silty sand,
light brown
2 FILL
3 — FILL,mostly clayey sand,a little gravel,light 15 M SS 12
grayish brown
4 ri
5 SANDY LEAN CLAY,a little gravel,light /
brownish gray,stiff,laminations of sandy silt 13 M SS 24 14
6— (CL)
7— WEATHEREE i
TILL /1 A1�G �tIrr 6
8 CLAYEY SAND,a little gravel,light grayish �l 19 M ' SS '724 13
brown,very stiff,laminations of sandy silt(SC)
9 0 1
10-
CLAYEY SAND,a little gravel,light grayish
brown,stiff,laminations of silty sand(SC/SM) •. 15 M SS 20
11 —
• 12 - 0 i
13— I3 M A SS 24
14 / A
CLAYEY SAND,a littleavelight l
8rl� Sh grayish �TILL i
I5—
brown,a little brown mottled,stiff to very stiff
18 M SS 24
16—
17— /0 1
1
18 c' . 1
19— j t
CLAYEY SAND,a little gravel,light brownish
20— gray,very stiff,laminations of silty sand(SC) 18 M SS 24
21 A
END OF BORING
DEPTH: DRILLING METHOD WATER LEVEL MEASUREMENTS NOTE: REFER TO
SAMPLED CASING CAVE-IN TIME THE ATTACHED
0-19' 3.25"HSA DEPTH DEFLUID EEE
3/3/06 11:15 21.0 19.0 None None SHEETS FOR AN
313/06 11:20 21.0 - 13.0 None EXPLANATION OF
-
BBOMPLETED: 3/3/06 TERMINOLOGY ON
CDR: MN LG: TM Rig: 67C THIS LOG
06/04
AAMERICAN
ENGINEERING SUBSURFACE BORING LOG
NM= TESTING,INC.
AET JOB NO: 01-02817 LOG OF BORING NO. 19 (p. 1 of 1)
PROJECT: Proposed Shepherd's Path Senior Housing; Prior Lake, MN
DEPTH FIELD&LABORATORY TESTS
SURFACE ELEVATION: 905.2 GEOLOGY N MC SAMPLE REC
FEET MATERIAL DESCRIPTION TYPE INWC DEN LL PL •/.-#20(
FILL,mostly clayey sand,a little gravel,trace /
roots,light grayish brown,frozen
1 FILL,mostly clayey sand,a little gravel,trace FILL , 26 F/M SS 24
2 roots,dark brown and gray,frozen to about 1.5'
pf
ii:
3— 8 M SS 18 16
4 CLAYEY SAND,a little gravel,light brownish )LAREE T E
gray to light grayish brown,firth to stiff, TILL
5— laminations of sandy silt(SC)
14 M A SS 24 14
6J
7 , gt
_—CLAYEY SAND,a little gravel,light grayish / ' fl./4' t~,se i �.
8 brown,very stiff laminations of sand(SC) 17 S 23 13
9—
I
10—
/4 18 M A SS 24
11 —
12— i
13—
frf'�TILL 19 M SS 21
it
15 14 CLAYEY SAND,a little gravel,light brownish / �
t5— gray,very stiff,laminations of silty sand(SC) ,
/ 16 M SS 24
16—
17— '//` 1
Is— � 11
19— 3 1
20— ! Y
17 M SS 24
21 END OF BORING
I
DEPTH: DRILLING METHOD WATER LEVEL MEASUREMENTS NOTE: REFER TO
0-19' 3.25"HSA
DATE TIME
SAMPLED
CASINGEIHCAVE-INDEPFLUID LEVEL LEVEL THE ATTACHED
3/3/06 10:20 21.0 19.0 None None SHEETS FOR AN
3/3/06 10:25 21.0 - 15.0 None EXPLANATION OF
BORING TERMINOLOGY ON
COMPLETED: 3/3/06
THIS LOG
DR: MN LG: TM Rig: 67C
06/04
AAMERICAN
ENGINEERING SUBSURFACE BORING LOG
111111111•11111
AET
INC.
AET JOB NO: 01-02817 LOG OF BORING NO. 20 (p. 1 of 1)
PROJECT: Proposed Shepherd's Path Senior Housing; Prior Lake,MN
DEPTH SURFACE ELEVATION: . 898.1 FIELD&LABORATORY TESTS
GEOLOGY N MC SAMPLE REC
FEET MATERIAL DESCRIPTION TYPE IN. WC DEN LL PL o-#20t
FILL,mostly sandy lean clay,a little gravel, FILL
1 trace roots,brownish gray,a little brown,frozen IO F `,111 SS 20
to about 1.5' •
2 SANDY LEAN CLAY,a little
gravel,trace
roots,light brownish gray mottled,frozen to
12 MSS 18 IS
5'
3 about 1. ,stiff,laminations of silty sand and
sandy silt(CL) WEATHE•
4 TILL �al
5 CLAYEY SAND,a little gravel,light brownish 2 12 M , SS 24
6 gray,a little brown mottled,stiff,laminations of
sandy silt(SC/SM)
7 1' tii
8 CLAYEY SAND,a little gravel,light brownish 15 M 0 SS 24
gray,a little brown mottled,stiff(SC)
9 // !ii
10 CLAYEY SAND,a little gravel,brown and light 7, 21 M , SS 24
11
gray mottled,very stiff,laminations of silty sand
(SC)
V. TILL til
12
13 22 M ri SS 24
14
It
15 d'
CLAYEY SAND,a little gravel,possible
cobbles at 15',light brownish gray,very stiff , 19 M rSS 24
16 SC //
17 18 /19 I11111
20 22 M SS 24
21 END OF BORING
DEPTH: DRILLING METHOD WATER LEVEL MEASUREMENTS NOTE: REFER TO
DATE TIME SAMPLED CASING CAVE-IN DRILLING WATER THE ATTACHED
0-19' 3.25"HSA DEPTH DEPTH DEPTH FLUID LEVEL LEVEL
3/3/06 9:00 21.0 19.0 None SHEETS FOR AN
3/3/06 9:10 21.0 - 12.8 None EXPLANATION OF
BORING TERMINOLOGY ON
COMPLETED: 3/3/06
DR: MN LG: TM Rig: 67C THIS LOG
06/04
AAMERICAN
. ENGINEERING SUBSURFACE BORING LOG
MUMTESTING, INC.
AET JOB NO: 01-00590 LOG OF BORING NO. 9 (p. 1 of 1)
PROJECT: Shepherds Path Church, McKenna Road NW&CSAH 42; Prior Lake, MN
iT I SURFACE ELEVATION: 81.7 (896.0±) GEOLOGY N 1 MC SAMPLE REC. FIELD&LABORATORY TESTS
FEET MATERIAL DESCRIPTION TYPE IN. WC DEN LL PL %200
_ Lean clay,includes roots,black,medium(CL) TOPSOIL 5 M SS 6 32
2
FINE 5 M SS 14 18
— Lean clay,dark Say and black,medium(CL) ALLUVIUM
4—
5 /
FINE 8 M SS 12 •
)
Lean #
6 mediclay um CLQ sand,dark gray to brownish gray, ALLUVIUMO
•
WEATHEREC
7 TILL
8- Sandy lean clay,a little gravel,grayish brown, 9 M SS 4
9—
stiff(CL) /TILL
to
Clayey sand,a little gravel,brown mottled, 5 M SS 20
it __medium(SC) %ll
END OF BORING
DEPTH: DRILLING METHOD WATER LEVEL MEASUREMENTS I NOTE: REFER TO
DATE TIME S DEPTH PLED DEPTH D VEPI H UID I EVEU LEVEL THE ATTACHED
0-9Ii4 3.25"USA
11/10/00 3:05 11.0 9.5 11.0 None SHEETS FOR AN
EXPLANATION OF
COMPLETED: 11/10/00 TERMINOLOGY
CC: DA CA:MH Rig:68 ON THIS LOG
2199
A AMERICAN
ENGINEERING SUBSURFACE BORING LOG
momTESTING, INC.
•
AET JOB NO: 01-00590 LOG OF BORING No. 10 (p. 1 of 1)
PROJECT: Shepherds Path Church, McKenna Road NW& CSAH 42; Prior Lake, MN
DEr SURFACE ELEVATION: 91.8 (906.1) GEOLOGY N MC SAMPLE REC. FIELD&LABORATORY TESTS
FEET MATERIAL DESCRIPTION TYPE IN. WC DEN LL PL %200
_ Fill,mostly lean clay with sand,brown 4 M ' SS 18
2 FILL
3— Fill,mostly sandy lean clay,a little gravel and 11 M SS 5 16
organic material,brown,a little dark brown
4—
S • V/ 11 M SS 20 •
6_ Clayey sand,a little gravel,brown,stiff(SC/CL)
�
7
8— Clayey sand,a little gravel,brown mottled,stiff, TILL 15 M ' SS 14
lenses of silty sand(SC/SM) 0
9-
10
Clayey sand,a little gravel,brown,stiff(SC/CL) f 14 M ' SS 22
L I END OF BORING
•
DEPTH: DRILLING METHOD WATER LEVEL MEASUREMENTS NOTE: REFER TO
DATE TLME SAMPLED CASING DRILLING
3.25"HSA DEPTH EPTHEPPTHH FLUID LEVEL LVETHE ATTACHED
11/10/00 2:30 11.0 9.5 11.0 None SHEETS FOR AN
EXPLANATION OF
BOCOMPLETED: 11/10/00 TERMINOLOGY
CC: DA CA:MH Rig:68 ON THIS LOG
2/99
AAMERICAN
ENGINEERING SUBSURFACE BORING LOG
EmmyTESTING, INC.
AET JOB NO: 01-00590 LOG OF BORING NO. 11 (p. 1 of 1)
PROTECT: Shepherds Path Church, McKenna Road NW& CSAH 42: Prior Lake, MN
DEPTH SURFACE ELEVATION: 83.3 (89 7.61) GEOLOGY N MC SAMPLE
TMYPE INC FIELD A LABORATORY TESTS
FEET •
MATERIAL DESCRIPTION '— WC DEN I.I. PL 9
[ clay with sand,brown,soft(CL)(may be ALLUVIUM Mills SS FINE '"-18- ', a
OR FILL
2
3- Clayey sand,a little gravel,brown,stiff(SC) WEATHERED 12 M/D I SS 14
TILL .
4-
4
s- 9 MSS 16 . 1.8
6- Lean clay,light gray and brown mottled,stiff to % FINE '
7_ medium(CL) ALLUVIUM
g-
6 M 1 SS 16 24 1.0
9-
10
9 M 1 SS 14
II -
12- Sandy lean clay,a little gravel,brown mottled,
stiff to medium(CUSC) .
13_ 0 6 M ' SS 14
14-
15 TILL 6 M 1 SS 10
16— eF
17- Clayey sand,a little gravel,brown mottled to
gray,medium to stiff(SC)
18-
2021 f/J/ 10 M SS 20
END OF BORING
DEPTH: DRILLING METHOD WATER LEVEL MEASUREMENTS NOTE: REFER TO
DATE TIME SAMPLED CASING CAVE-IN DRILL NG WATER THE ATTACHED
0.19% 3.25 HSA DEPTH DEPTH DEPTH FLUID LE LEVEL
11/10/00 1:55 21.0 19.5 21.0 None SHEETS FOR AN
EXPLANATION OF
COMPLETED: 11/10/00
TERMINOLOGY
CC:DA CA:MH Rig:68 ON THIS LOG
2/99
________ . _ .... . _ ____
A. AMERICAN
�` ENGINEERINGIINC. SUBSURFACE BORING LOG �i,�
•
AEr JOB NO: 01-00590 LOG OF BORING NO. 12 (p. 1 of 1)
PROJECT: Shepherds Path Church,McKenna Road NW& CSAH 42; Prior Lake, MN
D IN SURFACE ELEVATION: 79.9 (8 94 2#) GEOLOGY N MC SAMPLE IF FIELD&LABORATORY TESTS
FEET MATERIAL DESCRIPTION W!.at TYPE IN. WC DEN LL PL %200
1 — Lean clay,includes roots,black(CL) TOPSOIL 5 M ' SS 12 -
2
3— Lean clay,dark brown,dark gray and black FINE 7 MSS 16 24
mottled,medium(CL) ALLUVIUM ,
4—
S
9 MSS 14
6— ,
7_i Lean clay,light gray,brown and gray mottled, /// MIXED
stiff to medium,lenses of silt and clayey sanALLUVIUM
8_ with gravel(CL) 8 M ' SS 16
9-
10
MIXED 6 lir I SS 14 19
11 _ Sandy lean clay,a little gravel,brown and light
gray mottled,medium(CL) '_ UVIUM
12 4 WEATHERED
_Sandy silt,brown mottled,moist,loose(MLI ..(WILL
13 - FINE' 22 ii SS 14
TILL OR
Weathered boulder,gray COARSE
14— ALLUVIUM
15 Sand,a littlevel medium
grained,brown, :':•:COARSE 10 ' SS 20
16— waterbearing,loose,lenses of clayey sand,loose . ALLUVIUM
SP
17
18— Clayey sand,a little gravel,gray,medium(SC) TILL
19—
20— � 8 SS 12
21 F'�' M '
END OF BORING 'ALLUVIUM
DEPTH: DRILLING METHOD WATER LEVEL MEASUREMENTS NOTE: REFER TO
DATE TIME SAMPLED CASINO CAVE-IN DRILLING WATER THE ATTACHED
0-19%1 3.25"HSA DEPTH DEPTH DEPTH FLUID LEVEL LEVEL
11/10/00 12:45 16.0 14.5 14.0 10.4 SHEETS FOR AN
11/10/00 12:50 21.0 19.5 19.5 17.1 EXPLANATION OF
BORING
COMPLETED: 11!10/00
11/10/00 2:45 21.0 None 13.0 10.4 TERMINOLOGY
CC: DA CA: MH Rig:68 ON THIS LOG
2/99
BORING LOG NOTES
DRILLING AND SAMPLING SYMBOLS TEST SYMBOLS
Symbol Definition Symbol Definition
CONS: One-dimensional consolidation test
B,H,N: Size of flush joint casing DEN: Dry density, pcf
CA: Crew Assistant(initials) DST: Direct shear test
CAS: Pipe casing, number indicates nominal diameter in , E: Pressuremeter Modulus, tsf
inches HYD: Hydrometer analysis
CC: Crew Chief(initials) LL: Liquid Limit, %
COT: Clean-out tube LP: Pressuremeter Limit Pressure, tsf
DC: Drive casing; number indicates diameter in inches OC: Organic Content, %
DM: Drilling mud or bentonite slurry PERM: Coefficient of permeability (K)test; F- Field;
DR: Driller(initials) L- :.aboratory
DS: Disturbed sample from auger flights PL: Plastic Limit, %
FA: Flight auger; number indicates outside diameter in qp: Pocket Penetrometer strength, tsf(approximate)
inches qc: Static cone bearing pressure, tsf
HA: Hand auger; number indicates outside diameter q": Unconfined compressive strength, psf
HSA: Hollow stem auger;number indicates inside diameter R: Ele trical Resistivity, ohm-cms
in inches RQD: Rock Quality Designation of Rock Core, in percent
LG: Field logger(initials) (aggregate length of core pieces 4"or more in length
MC: Column used to describe moisture condition of as a percent of total core run)
samples and for the ground water level symbols SA: Sieve analysis
N(BPF): Standard penetration resistance (N-value) in blows per TRX: Triaxial compression test
foot(see notes) VSR: Vane shear strength, remoulded(field),psf
NQ: NQ wireline core barrel VSU: Vane shear strength, undisturbed(field),psf
PQ: PQ wireline core barrel WC: Water content, as percent of dry weight
RD: Rotary drilling with fluid and roller or drag bit %-200: Percent of material finer than#200 sieve
REC: In split-spoon (see notes) and thin-walled tube
sampling,the recovered length(in inches)of sample. STANDARD PENETRATION TEST NOTES
In rock coring, the length of core recovered (Calibrated Hammer Weight)
(expressed as percent of the total core run). Zero The standard penetration test consists of driving a split-spoon
indicates no sample recovered, sampler with a drop hammer(calibrated weight varies to provide
REV: Revert drilling fluid N,,0 values)and counting the number of blows applied in each of
SS: Standard split-spoon sampler (steel; 13/8" is inside three 6" increments of penetration.If the sampler is driven less
diameter; 2" outside diameter); unless indicated than 18" (usuaiy in highly resistant material), permitted in
otherwise ASTM:D 1586, the blows for each complete 6" increment and
SU Spin-up sample from hollow stem auger for each partia. increment is on the boring log. For partial
TW: Thin-walled tube;number indicates inside diameter increments, the number of blows is shown to the nearest 0.1'
in inches below the slash.
WASH: Sample of material obtained by screening returning
rotary drilling fluid or by which has collected inside The length of sample recovered, as shown on the "REC"
the borehole after"falling" through drilling fluid column, may be greater than the distance indicated in the N
WH: Sampler advanced by static weight of drill rod and column.The disparity is because the N-value is recorded below
hammer the initial 6" set (unless partial penetration defined in
WR: Sampler advanced by static weight of drill rod ASTM:D 1586 is encountered) whereas the length of sample
94mm: 94 millimeter wireline core barrel recovered is for the entire sampler drive (which may even
. Water level directly measured in boring extend more than 18").
0: Estimated water level based solely on sample
appearance
01REP052C(01/05) AMERICAN ENGINEERING TESTING, INC.
UNIFIED SOIL CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM AMERICAN
ASTM Designations:D 2487,D2488 ENGINEERING
El
TESTING,INC.
Soil Classification of
Criteria for Assigning Group Symbols and Group Names Using Laboratory Tests" Group Group Name" "Based on the material passing the 3-in
Symbol 175-mm) sieve.
Coarse-Grained Gravels More Clean Gravels Cu>4 and I<Cc<3E GW Well graded gravely If field sample contained cobbles or
Soils More than 50%coarse Less than 5% boulders,or both, add"with cobbles or
than 50% fraction retained finest Cu<4 and/or 1>Cc>3" GP Poorly graded gravel' boulders,or both"to group name.
retained on on No.4 sieve cGravels with 5 to 12%fines require dual
No.200 sieve Gravels with Fines classify as ML or MH GM Silty gravel''°" symbols:
Fines more GW-GM well-graded gravel with silt
than 12%fines c Fines classify as CL or CH GC Clayey gravel''' GW-GC well-graded gravel with clay
.. Sands 50%or Clean Sands Cu>6 and 1<Cc<3E SW Well-gradedGP-GM poorly graded gravel with silt
sand' GP-GCCI poorly graded gravel with clay-
more of coarse Less than 5% °Sands with 5 to 12%fines require dual
fraction passes fines° Cu<6 or 1>Cc>3E SP Poorly-graded sand' symbols:
No.4 sieve SW-SM well-graded sand with silt
Sands with Fines classify as ML or MH SM Silty sand"" SW-SC well-graded sand with clay
Fines more SP-SM poorly graded sand with silt
than 12%fines° Fines classify as CL or CH SC C ayey sand``"'' SP-SC poorly graded sand with clay
Fine-Grained Silts and Clays inorganic P1>7 and plots on or above CL Lean clay'm
Soils 50%or Liquid limit less. "A"liner . (D30)2
more passes than 50 Pl<4 orlots below ML SiIt&4M ECU=D60/D i4 Ce
the No.200 "A"line Diux Du,
sieve
organic Liouid limit—oven dried x.75 OL Organic clay"' Plf soil contains>15%sand,add"with
Liquid limit—not dried °to
(see Plasticity Organic silt` sand"to group name.
Chart below) °If fines classify as CL-ML,use dual
Silts and Clays inorganic PI plots on or above"A"line CH Fat clay""' mbol GC-GM,or SC-SM.
Liquid limit 50 If fines are organic,add"with organic
or more PI plots below"A"line MH Elastic silt"c'' fines"to group name.
'If soil contains>15%gravel,add"with
organic Liouid limit-oven dried<.75 OH Organic clay""'' gravel"to group name.
Liquid limit—not dried o If Atterberg limits plot is hatched area,
Organic slit soils is a CL-ML silty clay.
Highly organic Primarily organic matter, dark PT Peaty 'If soil contains 15 to 29%plus No.200
soil in color,and organic in odor add"with sand"or"with gravel",
whichever is predominant
SIEVE ANALYSIS m lit-soil contains>30%plus No.200,
1-se•ars.+°a1 --°;,,,yore.-i (a da.so°u,dln.odndPk100 ,:' prcdominanUysand,add "sandy"to
rn-awrd6°e6an d e awavn°d al , group name.
u 1" 4 10 >o a i0 ZO
Mif soil contains>30%plus No.200,
"�INHN�111• ° . Swam et- —
F' i ��E� ts( "am,.raR�imLL•as. re. .,. predominantly gravel,add "gravelly"
p� I , ' I I i 10 }�( p- fMR-0.7r RS.� ./S. O� . " to group name.
( 1. '°.1.16x,, 1 i 'p E "_ v Rg Dale .7' � °Pl<4orpPl>4 and Potsbelow"lots on or Aotinee A"line.
o 1 I��1�M�` i F PP1,plots on or above"A"line.
.11111111111111.1111.111111 a 0PI plots below"A"line.
(°e-izsa" • a- /rite* Fiber Content description shown below.
' II�nIE��l C?' OH OR MH
iiMUNN■INCA .
0..6.6rim, p-
A���v�l� ;-- i(,aliu/ir ML OR OL
° 'm I
p.. s.u.' a,, °0 10 16 m 30 40 b ro 70 00 SO 100 110
a PARTICLE SIZE w s&L. ETaRs trQUD MAT(1.L)
4 q !p
a•�•�5-ao o• •nmss'6i Plasticity Chart
ADDITIONAL TERMINOLOGY NOTES USED BY AET FOR SOIL IDENTIFICATION AND DESCRIPTION
Grain Size Gravel Percentages Consistency of Plastic Soils Relative Density of Non-Plastic Soils
Teri Particle Size renin Percent Term N-Value.BPF Term N-Value.BPF
Boulders Over 12" A Little Gravel 3%-14% Very Soft less than 2 Very Loose 0-4
Cobbles 3"to 12" With Gravel 15%-29% Soft 2-4 Loose 5-10
Gravel #4 sieve to 3" Gravelly 30%-50% Firm 5-8 Medium Dense 11-30
Sand #200 to#4 sieve Stiff 9-15 Dense 31-50
Fines(silt&clay) Pass#200 sieve Very Stiff 16-30 Very Dense Greater than 50
Hard Greater than 30
Moisture/Frost Condition Layering Notes Fiber Content of Peat Oreanic/Roots Description(if no lab tests)
(MC Column) Laminations: Layers less than Fiber Content Soils are described as orponic,if soil is not peat
D(Dry): Absense of moisture,dusty,dry to h" thick of Term (Visual Estimate) and is judged to have sufficient organic fines
touch. differing material content to influence the soil properties. ,Sliphdt'
M(Moist): Damp,although free water not or color. Fibric Peat: Greater than 67% organic used for borderline cases.
visible. Soil may still have a high Hemic Peat: 33—67%
water content(over"optimum"). Lenses: Pockets or layers Sapric Peat: Less than 33% With roots: Judged to have sufficient quantity
W(Wed Free water visible intended to greater than%" of roots to influence the soil
Waterbearing): describe non-plastic soils. thick of differing properties.
Waterbearing usually relates to material or color. Trace roots: Small roots present,but not judged
sands and sand with silt to be in sufficient quantity to
F(Frozen): Soil frozen
significantly affect soil properties.
OICLS021(2/04) AMERICAN ENGINEERING TESTING,INC.