HomeMy WebLinkAbout05 09 2016 Open Meeting Law Refresher PresentationOPEN MEETING LAW, DATA
PRACTICES, CONFLICTS
ETC……….
OPEN MEETING LAW
All meetings of the city, including executive sessions,
must be open to the public and of any
(1)committee
(2)subcommittee
(3)board
(4)department, or
(5) commission
MN Statute §13D.01, subd. 1.
Meetings Required to be Open to
the Public
What is a Meeting?
Meetings are those gatherings of a quorum or
more of members of the governing body or of
a committee, subcommittee, board, or
commission at which members discuss, decide
or receive information as a group on issues
relating to the official business of the
governing body.
Serial Communications
Serial meetings in groups of less than a
quorum for the purpose of avoiding
public hearings or fashioning agreement
on an issue may be found to be a violation
of the statute, depending upon the facts of
the individual case.
Neighborhood Meetings
A quorum or more of the public body should
not attend neighborhood or other meetings
related to official business (i.e. development,
zoning, local improvement, assessment
procedures, operations, etc.), unless notice of
a public meeting has been given.
Social Gatherings
A chance meeting or social gathering will not
be deemed a “meeting” under the Open
Meeting Law, unless there is evidence that
members of a public body attended an event
and discussed, decided, or received information
as a group on issues relating to the official
business of the governing body.
Availability of Materials
One (1) copy of printed materials relating to the
meeting’s agenda and distributed or available to
members shall be available in the meeting room for
inspection by the public.
Notice of Meetings
•A schedule of regular meetings is to be kept on file.
•The same notice required for a special meeting must be
given when a regular meeting occurs at a different time or
place than what’s stated in the schedule of regular
meetings.
•Notice of the date, time, place and purpose of special
meetings must be given three (3) days before the date of the
meeting.
•Emergency meetings (requiring immediate consideration of
a matter) may be held upon good faith efforts to provide
notice, including the subject of the meeting, to each news
medium that has filed a written request for notice.
•Notice requirements also apply to closed meetings.
Discussion of
Non-public Data
Discussion of non-public data at an open
meeting is permissible if it relates to a
matter within the scope of the public
body’s authority and is reasonably
necessary to conduct body’s business.
Closed Meetings
•IDs of victims or reporters of criminal sexual conduct,
domestic abuse, or maltreatment of minors or vulnerable
adults;
•Active investigative data and internal affairs data relating to
law enforcement personnel;
•Educational, health, medical, welfare, and mental health
data that are not public;
•Labor negotiations;
•Preliminary consideration of allegations or charges against
one subject to the public body’s authority;
•Evaluation of the performance;
•Attorney-client privilege;
Closed Meetings -Continued
•To determine the asking price for real or personal property to
be sold by the government entity;
•To review confidential or protected nonpublic appraisal data
under §13.44, subd. 3;
•To develop or consider offers or counteroffers for the
purchase or sale of real or personal property; or
•To receive security briefings and reports, to discuss issues
related to security systems, to discuss emergency response
procedures, to discuss security deficiencies in or
recommendations regarding public services, infrastructure
and facilities, if disclosure of the information discussed
would pose a danger to public safety or compromise security
procedures or responses.
Procedure to Close
•Different procedures depending on reason for
closure•Record –unless attorney client privilege•Announcements on record before, after and
during closed meeting.
Penalties
•A person who intentionally violates the law is subject to personal
liability in an amount not to exceed $300.00 for a single
occurrence.
•The personal liability may not be paid by the public body.
•A person who intentionally violated the law in 3 or more actions
forfeits any further right to serve on the governing body or in any
other capacity with the public body for a period of time equal to
the term of office such person was then serving.
•The court may award reasonable costs, disbursements and
attorneys’ fees of up to $13,000.00 to any party in an action. The
public body may pay the costs, disbursements, or attorneys’ fees
incurred by or awarded against any of its members in an action
under the law.
City of Victoria
•Decision to build public works building and city hall building and
consideration of a new public library
•Construed favorably to the public
•Supreme Court case in 1994-public officials assumed to be aware
of OML despite their level of public experience; intent refers only
to intent to participate in meeting not intent to violate OML;
amount of penalty should be assessed on factors relating to good
faith belief based on training and experience (good faith only
relevant re penalty)
•Removal –3 violations –each one after being told were wrong (ie 3
separate law suits; not 3 meeting under 1 law suit)
City of Victoria
•Extensive testimony re lack of training –Court found irrelevant.
•had opportunity to be trained and ask questions
•OML isn’t that complicated
•Reliance on staff and attorney reasonable but not complete
insulation from violation. Here didn’t rely on specific advice,
assumed they would intervene
•Some violations responsibility of staff –notice meeting
requirements; taping/recording
•Court focused on what “really” happened on recordings versus
what the minutes claimed happened
City of Victoria –Issues
•Notice –violations by council –but no penalty because of good faith
reliance on staff
•Taping -violations by council –but no penalty because of good faith reliance
on staff
•Identifying grounds –violation by council
•Discussions at closed meeting beyond the announced topic –violation by
council
•Discussion at closed meeting of impermissible topics –violation by council
•Serial meetings –extensive communication but in most cases no evidence
of what was discussed. Some discussions were private not public business.
But 4 proven violations –substantive discussions of city business by email –
intentional violations –improperly fashioning an agreement with each other
before the private vote
City of Victoria –Committees
•Some of the violations were related to committees
•Real estate committee –2 council members and the city
manager -Balance effective administration with public
interest. Intent was to streamline process which is
acceptable; but once started making decisions or
filtering information in violation of OML
•Personnel –borderline –manager ultimately responsible
for decisions so no violation
•Fines against individual defendants $1,200 to $2,250
•Costs and disbursements paid by city
•Did NOT ask for attorney fees –could have been higher
costs
City of Victoria
DATA PRACTICES ACT
Data Practices Act
Purpose: to balance the public’s right to know,
individuals’ right to privacy, and government’s need to
function.
Law applies to all cities and most city-related entities
including planning commissions.
Public Data
Minnesota Statutes §13.03, subd. 1 states in part:
“All government data collected, created,
received, maintained or disseminated by a
state agency … shall be public unless classified
… as nonpublic or protected nonpublic, or with
respect to data on individuals, as private or
confidential.”
Quasi-judicial Decisions
Quasi-Judicial Decisions
In a quasi-judicial proceeding the Council body is
judging whether the issue or application meets
existing standards or criteria.
Examples include: re-zonings, subdivisions,
planned unit developments, conditional use
permits, and variances.
Quasi-Judicial Decisions
Standards Courts look for in Quasi-Judicial
Hearings:
A full and fair hearing;
Decisions made on substantial evidence
in the record; and
Findings based on the record.
Quasi-Judicial Decisions
Generally, courts will not substitute their own judgment for that of
local officials when the local decision has a rational basis
supported by sufficient evidence in the record.
However, arbitrary decisions are subject to challenge in court
based on:
Ignoring adopted standards or criteria;
Inconsistently application of adopted standards or criteria;
Are unreasonable; or
Are not supported in the record.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
Prohibited Conflicts
•MN Statute §471.87: “Except as authorized in Section 471.88, a
public officer who is authorized to take part in any manner in
making any sale, lease, or contract in official capacity shall
not voluntarily have a personal financial interest in that sale,
lease, or contract or personally benefit financially therefrom.
Every public officer who violates this provision is guilty of a
gross misdemeanor.”
•MN Statute §412.311: “Except as provided in sections 471.87 to
471.89, no member of a council shall be directly or indirectly
interested in any contract made by the council.”
Exceptions
•MN Statute §471.88, subd. 5: A contract for which
competitive bids are not required by law.
•MN Statute §471.88, subd. 2: The designation of a bank
as an authorized depository for public funds, or as a
source of borrowing upon certain conditions.
•MN Statute §471.88, subd. 3: The designation of an
official newspaper when it is the only newspaper
complying with statutory requirements relating to
designation or publication.
•MN Statute §471.88, subd. 4: A contract with a
cooperative association of which the officer is a
shareholder.
Exceptions -Continued
•MN Statute §471.88, subd. 6: A contract with a volunteer
fire department for the payment of compensation to its
members or for the payment of retirement benefits.
•MN Statute §471.88, subd. 13: Rental of space in a public
facility at a rate commensurate with that paid by other
members of the public.
•MN Statute §471.88, subd. 15: Franchise agreement. An
employee of a public utility may serve as a city council
member during the term of the franchise agreement so
long as the council member abstains from voting on
official action relating to the franchise agreement and
discloses the reason for the abstention in the minutes.
Consequences
of a Violation
•Contract is void.
•Applies to any contract in which official is
“authorized to take part.” Therefore, it does
not matter whether or not officer abstains
from voting.
Conflict in
Non-Contract Situation
Lenz v. Coon Creek Watershed District
•The nature of the decision being made.
•The nature of the financial interest.
•The number of interested officials.
•The need, if any, for the interested persons to
make the decision.
•Other means available.
Examples of
Non-Contract Situations
•Improvement of Creek —No Conflict
•Establishment of ditch that drained
Commissioner’s land —Conflict
•Renewal of liquor license located next to Town
Supervisor’s land —Conflict
•Church affiliation —No Conflict
•Street Vacation —Conflict
•Rezoning on your own property —Conflict
Consequence of a Violation
A disqualifying interest does not affect the result if
the requisite majority without the interested
official takes action.
Actions for which a disqualified member votes are
void where the vote of the member is necessary to
make up the number of votes required to take the
action.
Disclosure
•MN Statute §10A.07: If an official is required to take
an action or make a decision that would substantially
affect the official’s financial interests:
•(a) Prepare a written statement describing the matter
requiring action or decision and the nature of the potential
conflict of interest;
•(b) Deliver copies of the statement to the official’s
immediate superior, if any; and
•(c) If a member of the governing body, deliver a copy of the
statement to the presiding officer of the body of service.
GIFT BAN LAW
What is Prohibited
An interested person, lobbyist, or principal may
not give a gift to a local official nor may a local
official accept a gift from an interested person,
a lobbyist or principal.
MN Statute §471.895 -10A.071.
Who is a Local Official
•MN Statute §471.895: Elected or appointed
official.
•MN Statute §10A.01, subd. 22: One who is
elected, appointed to, or employed in a public
position in which the person has authority to
make, to recommend, or to vote on as a member
of the governing body, major decisions regarding
expenditures or investment of public money.
What is a Gift
A “gift” means money, real or personal
property, a service, loan, forbearance or
forgiveness of indebtedness, or promise of
future employment, that is given and received
without the giver receiving consideration of
equal or greater value in return.
Exceptions
•Political contributions.
•Services to assist an official in the performance of official duties.
•Services of insignificant monetary value.
•A plaque or similar memento recognizing individual services.
•A trinket or memento costing $5 or less.
•Informational materials of unexceptional value under MN Statute 471.895 or less
than $5.00 under MN Statute 10A.071.
•Food and beverages given when the official appears for a speech or to answer
questions as part of a program.
•Gifts given to the members of a group, a majority of whom are not local officials,
of which the official is a member.
•Gifts from family members.
•Other than the exceptions, all gifts, including meals and beverages, are
prohibited.